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===Object-oriented concepts ===
The five basic concepts of OOD are the implementation-level features built into the programming language. These features are often referred to by these common names:

* [[Object (computer science)|Object/Class]]: A tight coupling or association of data structures with the methods or functions that act on the data. This is called a ''class'', or ''object'' (an object is created based on a class). Each object serves a separate function. It is defined by its properties, what it is and what it can do. An object can be part of a class, which is a set of similar objects.
* [[Information hiding]]: The ability to protect some object components from external entities. This is realized by language keywords to enable a variable to be declared as ''private'' or ''protected'' to the owning ''class''.
* [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)|Inheritance]]: The ability for a ''class'' to extend or override the functionality of another ''class''. The so-called ''subclass'' has a whole section derived (inherited) from the ''superclass'' and has its own set of functions and data.
* [[Interface (object-oriented programming)]]: The ability to defer the implementation of a ''method''. The ability to define the ''functions'' or ''methods'' signatures without implementing them.
* [[Polymorphism (computer science)|Polymorphism]] (specifically, [[Subtyping]]): The ability to replace an ''object'' with its ''sub-objects''. The ability of an ''object-variable'' to contain not only that ''object'' but also all of its ''sub-objects''.